Ross Blalock
| Ross-Yacoub procedure | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Pulmonary autograft |
| ICD-9-CM | 35.21 |
[edit on Wikidata] | |
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The Ross-Yacoub procedure (or pulmonary autograft) is a cardiac surgery operation where a diseased aortic valve is replaced with the person's own pulmonary valve. A pulmonary allograft (valve taken from a cadaver) is then used to replace the patient's own pulmonary valve. Pulmonary autograft replacement of the aortic valve is the operation of choice in infants and children, but its use in adults remains controversial.[1]
History[edit]
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The Ross-Yacoub procedure is named after Dr. Donald Ross and Dr. Magdi Yacoub — a pioneer in cardiac surgery in the UK — who proposed the procedure in 1962[2] and first performed it in 1967.
Advantages and disadvantages[edit]
The pros and cons of this procedure are:[citation needed]
Advantages[edit]
- Freedom from thromboembolism without the need for anticoagulation.
- The valve grows as the patient grows (i.e., children).
- Favourable hemodynamics.
- No foreign material present in the valve.
Disadvantages[edit]
- Single-valve disease (aortic) treated with a two-valve procedure (aortic and pulmonary).
Pulmonary valve replacement[edit]
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One of the main objections to the Ross-Yacoub procedure is the genesis of pulmonary valve disease in addition to aortic valve disease. Proponents have argued that biological valves implanted in the pulmonary position would be slow to develop dysfunction, and any dysfunction would be well tolerated due to the lower pressures in the right side of the heart. Survival of homografts in the pulmonary position is good (20-year freedom from reoperation of 80%), and homograft dysfunction is infrequently implicated in the observed morbidity and mortality.[3]
Homografts (aortic or pulmonary) should be the replacement of choice; no other valve performed as well in the pulmonary position. Many homograft valves are sterilized with ethylene oxide or irradiation—methods recognized to have deleterious effects on valve performance. The results of the pulmonary autograft procedure are likely to be superior with the use of fresh homograft valves.[3] Today, cryopreservation is the method of choice for homograft preservation.[citation needed]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Yacoub M, Klieverik L, Melina G, Edwards S, Sarathchandra P, Bogers A, Squarcia U, Sani G, van Herwerden L, Takkenberg J (2006). 'An evaluation of the Ross operation in adults'. J Heart Valve Dis. 15 (4): 531–9. PMID16901050.
- ^Ross D (1962). 'Homograft replacement of the aortic valve'. Lancet. 2 (7254): 487. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(62)90345-8. PMID14494158.
- ^ abChambers J, Somerville J, Stone S, Ross D (1997). 'Pulmonary autograft procedure for aortic valve disease: long-term results of the pioneer series'. Circulation. 96 (7): 2206–14. doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.7.2206. PMID9337191.
External links[edit]
- Cardiac Surgery in the Adult - Pulmonary autograft
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| Position: | Offensive guard | ||||||||||
| Personal information | |||||||||||
| Born: | December 20, 1983 (age 37) Dallas, Texas | ||||||||||
| Height: | 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) | ||||||||||
| Weight: | 326 lb (148 kg) | ||||||||||
| Career information | |||||||||||
| High school: | Plano East (Plano, Texas) | ||||||||||
| College: | Texas | ||||||||||
| NFL Draft: | 2007 / Round: 2 / Pick: 39 | ||||||||||
| Career history | |||||||||||
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| Career highlights and awards | |||||||||||
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| Career NFL statistics | |||||||||||
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Justin Christopher Blalock (born December 20, 1983) is a former American footballoffensive guard who played eight seasons with the Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Texas, where he earned All-American honors. The Falcons chose him in the second round of the 2007 NFL Draft.
Early years[edit]
Blalock was born in Dallas, Texas. He attended Plano East Senior High School in the Dallas suburb of Plano. He was three-year starter at offensive guard, but also saw playing time at defensive tackle. As a sophomore in 1999, Blalock was named second-team all-district after recording 151 pancake blocks, as he helped lead Plano East to an 11-3 record and the Texas 5A Division II state quarterfinals that season. The offensive lineman was named all-district and all-area as a junior after registering 130 knockdowns. In 2001, Blalock posted 134 knockdown blocks, did not allow a sack and opened holes for an offense that averaged nearly 300 rushing yards per game. His top game of season was a 21-pancake performance vs. Plano Senior High School.
Blalock was also an outstanding track and field athlete in the shot put and discus throw, where he was selected all-state. He captured the Region II-5A shot put title with a toss of 58-8½ in 2002 and finished fourth (55-2½) at the 2002 UIL Championships (Class 5A). He also registered the third-best throw (63-2½ or 19.28m) in the state as a senior (all classes) and placed fifth in the shot (61-6) at the 1999 Texas 5A Championships.
Blalock was selected to play in the 2002 U.S. Army All-American Bowl. He also earned first-team All-American honors from USA Today as a senior, and was also a first-team Class 5A All-State, all-area and all-district selection. The Sporting News rated him as the nation's top offensive lineman prospect as well as the No. 15 high school prospect overall.
College career[edit]
Blalock attended the University of Texas, where he played for coach Mack Brown's Texas Longhorns football team from 2002 to 2006. As a redshirt freshman in 2003, Blalock started all 13 games at right tackle and was named first-team Freshman All-America by the Football Writers Association of America and The Sporting News. He also started all 12 games his sophomore year at right tackle and was named first-team All-Big 12 by the Big 12 coaches and the Austin American-Statesman.
Blalock again manned the right tackle position in 2004. He was chosen first-team All-Big 12 Conference by the league's coaches and the Austin American-Statesman, adding second-team accolades from The Associated Press, Dallas Morning News, Fort Worth Star-Telegram and San Antonio Express-News. He led an offensive line that cleared the way for Texas to rank second in the nation in rushing (299.2 ypg), seventh in total offense (464.4 ypg) and 12th in scoring (35.3 ppg). Texas' 3,590 rushing yards that season was the third-highest total in school history.
As a junior in 2005, he again started all 13 games at right tackle and was named All-America by College Football News and a third-team All-America by The Associated Press. Also named first-team All-Big 12 by The Associated Press, Austin American-Statesman, Big 12 Coaches, Dallas Morning News, Fort Worth Star-Telegram and Kansas City Star. He was part of the NCAA National Championship Football team and contributed to the now legendary victory at The Rose Bowl in January 2006.
As a senior during 2006 Blalock was voted team captain and continued to lead the Texas Longhorns in exemplary leadership and athletic consistency. He was a unanimous All-America All-America choice in 2006.
On November 24, 2006, Blalock became the first Longhorn in school history to start 50 consecutive games.[1]
An excellent student, Blalock was a member of the UT Athletics Director's Honor Roll in fall 2004. He was also one of five finalists for the 2002 Watkins Award, which is presented to the nation's top African-American high school scholar-athlete. Blalock graduated from the University of Texas at Austin in December 2006 with his degree in youth and community studies and a minor in business.
Professional career[edit]
Blalock scored a 41 on the Wonderlic, the highest score of the 2007 NFL Draft.[2] He was one of seven Longhorns selected by professional football teams in the draft. The others were Michael Griffin (number 19 overall), Aaron Ross (number 20 overall), Tim Crowder (number 56 overall), Brian Robison (number 102 overall), Tarell Brown (number 147 overall), Kasey Studdard (number 183 overall).[3]Lyle Sendlein and Selvin Young were not drafted but signed with NFL teams as free agents.[4]
On July 31, 2011, Blalock agreed to a six-year contract extension with the Falcons.[5]
On February 27, 2015, Blalock was released by the Falcons becoming a free agent.[6]
On June 15, 2015, Blalock retired.
Personal life[edit]
Blalock resides in Plano, Texas, where he is active in community service projects[citation needed]. He is a cousin of New Orleans Saints center Jonathan Goodwin.
See also[edit]
Ross Blalock
References[edit]
Ross Blalock Highlights
- ^'Texas A&M Game notes'. MackBrownTexasFootball. 24 November 2006. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007. Retrieved 2006-11-25.
- ^Ledbetter, D. Orlando (March 6, 2010). 'NFL's success using Wonderlic Test subject to interpretation'. Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Archived from the original on 2010-05-27. Retrieved May 14, 2012.
- ^'NCAA Schools: TEXAS'. ESPN. April 29, 2007. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^'2007 NFL Draft'. MackBrownTexasFootball. Archived from the original on 2007-04-26. Retrieved 2007-05-01.
- ^Yasinskas, Pat (July 31, 2011). 'Falcons keep guard Justin Blalock'. ESPN.com. Retrieved 2014-07-12.
- ^Adams, Jay (February 27, 2015). 'FALCONS RELEASE VETERAN G BLALOCK'. atlantafalcons.com. Archived from the original on March 26, 2015. Retrieved 2015-02-27.